Selected Publications

• F. Ershad#, Z. Rao#, S. Maharajan#, et al. Bioprinted optoelectronically active cardiac tissues, Science Advances, 2025, 1, eadt7210. (# equal contribution)
• Z. Rao, F. Ershad, Y. Guan, et al. Ultrathin rubbery bio-optoelectronic stimulators for untethered cardiac stimulation, Science Advances, 2024, 10, eadq5061.
• Z. Rao, Y. Lu, Y. Liu, C. Yu. Microprinting on curved surfaces with sugar, Matter, 2023, 6(3): 671-673.
• Z. Rao#, Y. Lu#, Z. Li, et al. Curvy, shape-adaptive imagers based on printed optoelectronic pixels with a kirigami design, Nature Electronics, 2021, 4(7): 513-521. (# equal contribution)
• Z. Rao, A. Thukral, P. Yang, et al. All-polymer based stretchable rubbery electronics and sensors, Advanced Functional Materials, 2021, 32(15): 2111232.
• R. Long#, Z. Rao#, K. Mao, Y. Li, C. Zhang, Q. Liu, C. Wang, Z. Li, X. Wu, and Y. Xiong. Efficient coupling of solar energy to catalytic hydrogenation by using well-designed palladium nanostructures. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2015, 127(8): 2455-2460. (# equal contribution)

Full Publications

1. F. Ershad#, Z. Rao#, S. Maharajan#, F. Mesquita, J. Ha, L. Gonzalez, T. Haideri, E. Curty da Costa, A. Moctezuma-Ramirez, Y. Wang, S. Jang, Y. Lu, S. Patel, X. Wang, Y. Tao, J. Weygant, C. Garciamendez-Mijares, L. lark, M. Zubair, X. L. Lian, A. Elgalad, J. Yang, C. Hochman-Mendez, Y. S. Zhang, C. Yu, Bioprinted optoelectronically active cardiac tissues. Science Advances, 2025, 1, eadt7210. (# equal contribution)
2. Z. Rao, F. Ershad, Y. Guan, F. Mesquita, E. Costa, M. Morales-Garza, A. Moctezuma-Ramirez, B. Kan, Y. Lu, S. Patel, H. Shim, K. Cheng, W. Wu, T. Haideri, X. L. Lian, A. Karim, J. Yang, A. Elgalad, C. Hochman-Mendez, and C. Yu. Ultrathin rubbery bio-optoelectronic stimulators for untethered cardiac stimulation, Science Advances, 2024, 10, eadq5061.
3. J. Hong, Z. Rao, S. Duan, S. Xiang, X. Wei, Y. Xiao, Y. Chen, H. Sheng, J. Xia, W. Lei, C. Yu, Q. Shi, J. Wu. A paradigm shift toward active resistive sensing driven by triboelectric nanogenerator, Nano Energy, 2024, 131:110327
4. Z. Rao, Y. Lu, Y. Liu, and C. Yu. Microprinting on curved surfaces with sugar. Matter, 2023, 6(3): 671-673.
5. F. Ershad, M. Houston, S. Patel, L. Contreras, B. Koirala, Y. Lu, Z. Rao, Y. Liu, N. Dias, A. Haces-Garcia, W. Zhu, Y. Zhang, and C. Yu. Customizable, reconfigurable, and anatomically coordinated large-area, high-density electromyography from drawn-on-skin electrode arrays. PNAS Nexus, 2023, 2(1), pgac291.
6. Y. Guan, F. Ershad, Z. Rao, Z. Ke, E. Costa, Q. Xiang, Y. Lu, X. Wang, J. Mei, P. Vanderslice, C. Hochman-Mendez, and C. Yu. Elastic electronics based on micromesh-structured rubbery semiconductor films. Nature Electronics, 2022, 5(12): 881-892.
7. N. Prodan, F. Ershad, A. Reyes-Alcaraz, L. Li, B. Mistretta, L. Gonzalez, Z. Rao, C. Yu, P. H. Gunaratne, N. Li, R. J. Schwartz, B. K. McConnell. Direct Reprogramming of Cardiomyocytes into Cardiac Purkinje-like Cells. iScience, 2022, 25(11), 105402.
8. S. Patel, F. Ershad, J. Lee, L. Chacon-Alberty, Y. Wang, M. A. Morales-Garza, A. Haces-Garcia, S. Jang, L. Gonzalez, L. Contreras, A. Agarwal, Z. Rao, G. Liu, I. R. Efimov, Y. S. Zhang, M. Zhao, R. R. Isseroff, A. Karim, A. Elgalad, W. Zhu, X. Wu, and C. Yu, Drawn-on-Skin Sensors from Fully Biocompatible Inks toward High-Quality Electrophysiology, Small, 2022, 2107099.
9. Z. Rao#, Y. Lu#, Z. Li, K. Sim, Z. Ma, J. Xiao, and C. Yu. Curvy, shape-adaptive imagers based on printed optoelectronic pixels with a kirigami design. Nature Electronics, 2021, 4(7): 513-521. (# equal contribution)
10. Z. Rao, A. Thukral, P. Yang, Y. Lu, H. Shim, W. Wu, A. Karim, and C. Yu. All-polymer based stretchable rubbery electronics and sensors. Advanced Functional Materials, 2021, 32(15): 2111232.
11. B. Kan, F. Ershad, Z. Rao, and C. Yu. Flexible organic solar cells for biomedical devices. Nano Research, 2021, 14: 2891-2903.
12. H. Shim, S. Jang, J. Jang, Z. Rao, J. Hong, K. Sim, and C. Yu. Fully rubbery synaptic transistors made out of all-organic materials for elastic neurological electronic skin. Nano Research, 2021, 15: 758–764.
13. M. K. Hogan, S. M. Barber, Z. Rao, B. R. Kondiles, M. Huang, W. J. Steele, C. Yu, and P. J. Horner. A wireless spinal stimulation system for ventral activation of the rat cervical spinal cord. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11(1): 14900.
14. Y. Guan, A. Thukral, S. Zhang, K. Sim, X. Wang, Y. Zhang, F. Ershad, Z. Rao, F. Pan, P. Wang, J. Xiao, and C. Yu, Air/water interfacial assembled rubbery semiconducting nanofilm for fully rubbery integrated electronics, Science Advances, 2020, 6(38): eabb3656.
15. F. Ershad, A. Thukral, J. Yue, P. Comeaux, Y. Lu, H. Shim, K. Sim, N. Kim, Z. Rao, R. Guevara, L. Contreras, F. Pan, Y. Zhang, Y. Guan, P. Yang, X. Wang, P. Wang, X. Wu, and C. Yu, Ultra-conformal drawn-on-Skin electronics for multifunctional motion artifact-free sensing and point-of-care treatment, Nature Communications, 2020, 11(1): 1-13.
16. W. Wang, J. Chen, J. Lundh, S. Shervin, S. Oh, S. Pouladi, Z. Rao, J. Kim, M. Kwon, X. Li, S. Choi, J. Ryou. Modulation of the 2-dimensional electron gas channel in flexible AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors by mechanical bending. Applied Physics Letters, 2020, 116(12): 3501.
17. K. Sim, F. Ershad, Y. Zhang, P. Yang, H. Shim, Z. Rao, Y. Lu, A. Thukral, A. Elgalad, Y. Xi, B. Tian, D. A. Taylor, and C. Yu. An epicardial bioelectronic patch made from soft rubbery materials and capable of spatiotemporal mapping of electrophysiological activity. Nature Electronics, 2020, 3(12): 775-784.
18. Z. Rao#, F. Ershad#, A. Almasri, L. Gonzalez, X. Wu, and C. Yu. Soft electronics for the skin: from health monitors to human–machine interfaces. Advanced Materials Technologies, 2020, 5(9): 2000233. (# equal contribution)
19. K. Sim, S. Chen, Z. Li, Z. Rao, J. Liu, Y. Lu, S. Jang, F. Ershad, J. Chen, J. Xiao, and C. Yu. Three-dimensional curvy electronics enabled by conformal additive stamp printing. Nature Electronics, 2019, 2(10): 471-479.
20. H. Shim, K. Sim, F. Ershad, P. Yang, A. Thukral, Z. Rao, H. Kim, Y. Liu, X. Wang, G. Gu, L. Gao, X. Wang, Y. Chai, and C. Yu. Stretchable Elastic synaptic transistors for neurologically integrated soft engineering systems. Science Advance, 2019, 5(10): eaax4961.
21. K. Sim, Z. Rao, H. Kim, A. Thukral, H. Shim, and C. Yu. Fully rubbery integrated electronics from high effective mobility intrinsically stretchable semiconductors. Science Advances, 2019, 5(2): eaav5749.
22. K. Sim, Z. Rao, F. Ershad, and C. Yu. Rubbery electronics fully made of stretchable elastomeric electronic materials. Advanced Materials, 2019, 32(15): 1902417.
23. K. Sim, Z. Rao, Z. Zhou, J. Lei, A. Thukral, J. Chen, Q. Huang, J. Xiao, and C. Yu. Metal oxide semiconductor nano membrane based soft unnoticeable multifunctional electronics for wearable human machine interface. Science Advances, 2019, 5(8): eaav9653.
24. K. Sim, Z. Rao, Y. Li, D. Yang, and C. Yu. Curvy surface conformal ultra-thin transfer printed Si optoelectronic penetrating microprobe arrays. npj Flexible Electronics, 2018, 2(1): 1.
25. C. Wang, K. Sim, J. Chen, H. Kim, Z. Rao, Y. Li, W. Chen, J. Song, R. Verduzco, and C. Yu. Soft ultrathin electronics innervated adaptive fully soft robots. Advanced Materials, 2018, 30(13): 1706695.
26. A. Thukral, F. Ershad, N. Enan, Z. Rao, and C. Yu. Soft ultrathin silicon electronics for soft neural interfaces. IEEE Nanotechnology Magazine, 2018, 12(1): 21-34.